refactor(catalog): the HTTP layer reads through queries and writes through the service

Channels, search and sync do no database work in their routes any more: reads go through
catalog/queries, writes through catalog/service, and a live search's ingest is catalog/search.
What a catalog route needs from Reader (a playlist's channels, a user's tag links, the feed
projection of results) it asks reader/queries and reader/service. The scheduler and the runs page
read channel titles and the work queue through catalog/queries. Catalog is fenced below its HTTP
layer: its owner filters go through userscope, it reads no other unit's tables, and its ingest
jobs commit only where they are named.
This commit is contained in:
2026-10-19 02:32:20 +02:00
parent 238e6f8a61
commit 5229fd96be
21 changed files with 1223 additions and 726 deletions
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"""Catalog's reads: channels and videos, and each user's footprint in them (subscriptions, blocks,
explorations), for the HTTP layer and for the core code that asks about them.
A user's row is read through `userscope`, so someone else's is the same answer as a missing one.
Catalog does not read another unit's tables: what it needs from Reader (a playlist's channels, a
user's tag links) it asks `reader.queries`.
"""
from datetime import datetime
from sqlalchemy import Select, and_, case, func, or_, select
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from app.catalog.models import (
LIVE_OR_UPCOMING,
BlockedChannel,
Channel,
ExploredChannel,
Subscription,
Video,
)
from app.collation import collated
from app.models import User
from app.sync.explore import followed_channel
from app.userscope import owned_by
# --- channels --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def channel(db: Session, channel_id: str) -> Channel | None:
return db.get(Channel, channel_id)
def channel_title(db: Session, channel_id: str) -> str | None:
return db.scalar(select(Channel.title).where(Channel.id == channel_id))
def channel_titles(db: Session, ids: set[str]) -> dict[str, str]:
"""Each channel's title by id; a channel with no title yet is left out."""
if not ids:
return {}
rows = db.execute(select(Channel.id, Channel.title).where(Channel.id.in_(ids)))
return {cid: title for cid, title in rows.tuples() if title is not None}
def channel_aggregates(channel_ids: list[str]) -> Select:
"""Per-channel stored count, last upload and total duration, in one grouped pass. Every column it
reads is in `ix_videos_channel_pub_cover` (migration 0095), so Postgres answers it from the index
alone; a test holds that (test_channel_list_index_only)."""
return (
select(
Video.channel_id,
func.count(Video.id),
func.max(Video.published_at),
func.coalesce(func.sum(Video.duration_seconds), 0),
)
.where(Video.channel_id.in_(channel_ids))
.group_by(Video.channel_id)
)
def aggregates(db: Session, channel_ids: list[str]) -> list[tuple[str, int, datetime | None, int]]:
"""`channel_aggregates`, run: (channel id, stored videos, last upload, total seconds)."""
if not channel_ids:
return []
return list(db.execute(channel_aggregates(channel_ids)).tuples())
def video_counts(db: Session, channel_id: str) -> tuple[int, int, int]:
"""A channel's stored videos, its Shorts and its live/upcoming ones, in one grouped pass."""
n_all, n_short, n_live = db.execute(
select(
func.count(Video.id),
func.count(Video.id).filter(Video.is_short.is_(True)),
func.count(Video.id).filter(Video.live_status.in_(LIVE_OR_UPCOMING)),
).where(Video.channel_id == channel_id)
).one()
return int(n_all or 0), int(n_short or 0), int(n_live or 0)
def deep_queued(db: Session, channel_ids: list[str]) -> set[str]:
"""Which of these channels at least one user (any user) has asked full history for."""
if not channel_ids:
return set()
return set(
db.execute(
select(Subscription.channel_id)
.where(
Subscription.channel_id.in_(channel_ids),
Subscription.deep_requested.is_(True),
)
.distinct()
).scalars()
)
def followed(db: Session, channel_id: str) -> bool:
"""Whether anyone subscribes to the channel."""
return (
db.execute(
select(Subscription.id).where(Subscription.channel_id == channel_id).limit(1)
).first()
is not None
)
# --- a user's subscriptions, blocks and explorations ----------------------------------------
def subscriptions(db: Session, user: User, lang: str) -> list[tuple[Subscription, Channel]]:
"""The user's subscriptions with their channels, highest priority first, then by title in the
reader's alphabet."""
return list(
db.execute(
select(Subscription, Channel)
.join(Channel, Channel.id == Subscription.channel_id)
.where(owned_by(Subscription.user_id, user))
.order_by(Subscription.priority.desc(), collated(Channel.title, lang))
).tuples()
)
def subscription(db: Session, user: User, channel_id: str) -> Subscription | None:
return db.execute(
select(Subscription).where(
owned_by(Subscription.user_id, user), Subscription.channel_id == channel_id
)
).scalar_one_or_none()
def subscribed_channels(user: User):
"""The channel ids the user subscribes to, as a subquery."""
return select(Subscription.channel_id).where(owned_by(Subscription.user_id, user))
def exploration(db: Session, user: User, channel_id: str) -> ExploredChannel | None:
return db.execute(
select(ExploredChannel).where(
owned_by(ExploredChannel.user_id, user), ExploredChannel.channel_id == channel_id
)
).scalar_one_or_none()
def is_blocked(db: Session, user: User, channel_id: str) -> bool:
return (
db.execute(
select(BlockedChannel.id).where(
owned_by(BlockedChannel.user_id, user), BlockedChannel.channel_id == channel_id
)
).first()
is not None
)
def blocked_ids(db: Session, user: User) -> set[str]:
return set(
db.scalars(select(BlockedChannel.channel_id).where(owned_by(BlockedChannel.user_id, user)))
)
def blocked_channels(db: Session, user: User, lang: str) -> list[Channel]:
return list(
db.execute(
select(Channel)
.join(BlockedChannel, BlockedChannel.channel_id == Channel.id)
.where(owned_by(BlockedChannel.user_id, user))
.order_by(collated(Channel.title, lang))
).scalars()
)
# --- sync progress ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def catalog_totals(db: Session, user: User) -> dict:
"""The instance's catalog size and this user's subscription count (the sync status card)."""
return {
"subscriptions": db.scalar(
select(func.count())
.select_from(Subscription)
.where(owned_by(Subscription.user_id, user))
),
"channels_total": db.scalar(select(func.count()).select_from(Channel)),
"channels_backfilling": db.scalar(
select(func.count()).select_from(Channel).where(Channel.backfill_done.is_(False))
),
"videos_total": db.scalar(select(func.count()).select_from(Video)),
"pending_enrich": db.scalar(
select(func.count()).select_from(Video).where(Video.enriched_at.is_(None))
),
}
def my_progress(db: Session, user: User) -> tuple[int, int, int, int]:
"""Over the channels this user subscribes to: how many, how many have details, how many their
recent uploads, how many their whole history."""
total, details_synced, recent_synced, all_deep_done = db.execute(
select(
func.count(Channel.id),
func.count(Channel.details_synced_at),
func.count(Channel.recent_synced_at),
func.sum(case((Channel.backfill_done.is_(True), 1), else_=0)),
)
.select_from(Channel)
.join(
Subscription,
and_(Subscription.channel_id == Channel.id, owned_by(Subscription.user_id, user)),
)
).one()
return total or 0, details_synced or 0, recent_synced or 0, int(all_deep_done or 0)
def my_deep_requested(db: Session, user: User) -> list[Channel]:
"""The channels this user asked full history for."""
return list(
db.execute(
select(Channel).join(
Subscription,
and_(
Subscription.channel_id == Channel.id,
owned_by(Subscription.user_id, user),
Subscription.deep_requested.is_(True),
),
)
).scalars()
)
def my_video_count(db: Session, user: User) -> int:
"""The videos of the channels this user subscribes to and has not hidden."""
return (
db.scalar(
select(func.count(Video.id)).join(
Subscription,
and_(
Subscription.channel_id == Video.channel_id,
owned_by(Subscription.user_id, user),
Subscription.hidden.is_(False),
),
)
)
or 0
)
def video_total(db: Session) -> int:
return db.scalar(select(func.count(Video.id))) or 0
def deep_backlog(db: Session) -> list[Channel]:
"""Every channel someone asked full history for that does not have it yet."""
deep_requested = (
select(Subscription.id)
.where(Subscription.channel_id == Channel.id, Subscription.deep_requested.is_(True))
.exists()
)
return list(
db.execute(
select(Channel).where(Channel.backfill_done.is_(False), deep_requested)
).scalars()
)
def work_queue(db: Session) -> dict:
"""What the catalog's jobs still have queued, instance-wide (the scheduler card)."""
return {
# The same selection run_recent_backfill works through, or the card counts channels the
# job will never touch and never reaches zero.
"channels_recent_pending": db.scalar(
select(func.count())
.select_from(Channel)
.where(Channel.recent_synced_at.is_(None), followed_channel())
)
or 0,
"videos_pending_enrich": db.scalar(
select(func.count()).select_from(Video).where(Video.enriched_at.is_(None))
)
or 0,
"videos_pending_shorts": db.scalar(
select(func.count())
.select_from(Video)
.where(Video.shorts_probed.is_(False), Video.enriched_at.is_not(None))
)
or 0,
"videos_live_refresh": db.scalar(
select(func.count())
.select_from(Video)
.where(
or_(
Video.live_status.in_(("live", "upcoming")),
and_(Video.live_status == "was_live", Video.duration_seconds.is_(None)),
)
)
)
or 0,
}
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"""Live YouTube search, the catalog's side: what a page of results leaves in the shared catalog.
A result becomes a catalog row so it renders with the normal feed cards and the in-app player and
gains per-user state. The ingest runs in steps with a YouTube call between each, and each step's
rows are committed before the next call: an enrich that fails rolls back to the stubs, which stay
(the FK targets for what follows, backfilled later). Results are flagged (`videos.via_search`,
`channels.from_search`) so the Library can hide this search-discovered noise; Shorts and
live/upcoming videos are never kept. The HTTP layer (`routes/search.py`) runs the paging, the caps
and the refusals.
"""
from collections.abc import Sequence
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from sqlalchemy import delete, func, select, update
from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import insert as pg_insert
from sqlalchemy.engine import CursorResult
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from app import logs, quota, sysconfig
from app.catalog import queries
from app.catalog.models import LIVE_OR_UPCOMING, Channel, SearchFind, Subscription, Video
from app.models import User
from app.reader import queries as reader_queries
from app.sync.subscriptions import apply_channel_details
from app.sync.videos import apply_video_details, insert_stubs, parse_dt
from app.userscope import owned_by
from app.utils import like_escape
from app.youtube.client import YouTubeClient, YouTubeError
from app.youtube.shorts import make_client, probe_is_short
log = logs.get_logger(__name__)
def classify_shorts(db: Session, videos: Sequence[Video]) -> None:
"""Confirm/deny Shorts for the freshly-ingested videos so none slip into the feed.
Mirrors the scheduler's run_shorts_classification, but scoped to just these rows and run
synchronously (the search is an explicit, awaited action). Non-candidates (too long, no
duration, or live) are finalised without a probe; the rest hit youtube.com/shorts (no
quota). Undetermined probes are left for the scheduler to retry."""
probe_max = sysconfig.get_int(db, "shorts_probe_max_seconds")
to_probe: list[Video] = []
for v in videos:
if v.shorts_probed:
continue
if v.enriched_at is None:
# Enrichment failed (proxy blip) or YouTube omitted the row — duration is unknown,
# so DON'T finalise shorts_probed off a null duration; leave it for the scheduler
# (which only classifies enriched rows) to retry. Otherwise a real Short would leak.
continue
if v.live_status != "none" or v.duration_seconds is None or v.duration_seconds > probe_max:
v.is_short = False
v.shorts_probed = True
else:
to_probe.append(v)
if to_probe:
with make_client() as client:
def work(v: Video):
return v, probe_is_short(client, v.id)
with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=16) as pool:
for v, result in pool.map(work, to_probe):
if result is None:
continue
v.is_short = result
v.shorts_probed = True
db.commit()
def ingest_candidates(
db: Session, yt: YouTubeClient, user: User, candidates: list[dict]
) -> list[str]:
"""Materialise one page of search candidates into the catalog (channel stubs + enrich,
video stubs flagged via_search, enrich, Shorts classification) and return the KEEPABLE
video ids — non-Short, non-live — in the input relevance order."""
ids = [it["id"] for it in candidates]
if not ids:
return []
# 1) Channels are the FK target — create stubs for unknown ones (flagged from_search),
# then enrich the new ones (channels.list, 1 unit). Stubs survive an enrich failure.
channel_ids = list({it["channel_id"] for it in candidates})
existing = set(db.scalars(select(Channel.id).where(Channel.id.in_(channel_ids))).all())
new_channel_ids = [c for c in channel_ids if c not in existing]
if new_channel_ids:
titles = {it["channel_id"]: it["channel_title"] for it in candidates}
for cid in new_channel_ids:
db.add(Channel(id=cid, title=titles.get(cid), from_search=True))
db.commit()
try:
with quota.attribute(user.id, quota.QuotaAction.CHANNELS_DISCOVER):
details = yt.get_channels(new_channel_ids)
apply_channel_details(db, details, new_channel_ids)
db.commit()
except YouTubeError:
# The stubs remain and the details can be backfilled later — but until they are, those
# channels sit in the results with no thumbnail and no subscriber count, looking like
# channels that have neither.
log.warning(
"the channels found by a search could not be enriched",
extra=logs.event("search.channel_enrich_failed", channels=len(new_channel_ids)),
)
db.rollback() # details can be backfilled later; the stubs remain
# 2) Video stubs, flagged via_search. Existing rows keep their flags (ON CONFLICT DO
# NOTHING), so an organically-synced video stays organic.
# published_at is NOT NULL (migration 0068); the scrape source exposes no publish date
# (only a relative "3 years ago"), so fall back to now() to satisfy the constraint — the
# enrich in step 3 overwrites it with the video's real snippet date.
now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
insert_stubs(
db,
[
{
"id": it["id"],
"channel_id": it["channel_id"],
"title": it["title"],
"published_at": parse_dt(it["published_at"]) or now,
"thumbnail_url": it["thumbnail_url"],
"via_search": True,
}
for it in candidates
],
)
# 3) Enrich (videos.list, 1 unit/50) so cards have duration/stats and we can judge live.
videos = db.scalars(select(Video).where(Video.id.in_(ids))).all()
try:
with quota.attribute(user.id, quota.QuotaAction.VIDEOS_ENRICH):
detail_by_id = {it["id"]: it for it in yt.get_videos(ids)}
except YouTubeError:
# Every candidate then stays unenriched, and an unenriched video cannot be judged live or
# Short — so it is dropped. A working search returns nothing and reads as "no results".
log.warning(
"the videos found by a search could not be enriched",
extra=logs.event("search.video_enrich_failed", candidates=len(ids)),
)
detail_by_id = {}
enriched_at = datetime.now(
timezone.utc
) # when THIS enrich ran (distinct from the stub placeholder)
for v in videos:
item = detail_by_id.get(v.id)
if item is None:
continue
apply_video_details(v, item)
v.enriched_at = enriched_at
db.commit()
# 4) Confirm/deny Shorts (no quota) so none enter via search.
classify_shorts(db, videos)
keep = {
v.id
for v in videos
if v.enriched_at is not None and not v.is_short and v.live_status not in LIVE_OR_UPCOMING
}
return [vid for vid in ids if vid in keep]
def _fold_term(db: Session, video_ids: list[str], term: str) -> None:
"""Append `term` to each video's space-joined `search_terms`, unless it is already one of them.
"Already one of them" is a whole-term match, as a literal: a substring test skipped `cat` on a
video already found for `category`, and an unescaped one read the `_` in `my_channel` as a
wildcard — either way the term was never folded in, and local search lost that relevance."""
padded = func.concat(" ", func.coalesce(Video.search_terms, ""), " ")
db.execute(
update(Video)
.where(Video.id.in_(video_ids))
.where(padded.notilike(f"% {like_escape(term)} %"))
.values(
search_terms=func.trim(
func.coalesce(Video.search_terms, "").op("||")(" ").op("||")(term)
)
)
)
def new_first(db: Session, user: User, ids: list[str]) -> list[str]:
"""Reorder results so genuinely-new discoveries come first and things the user already has
(a subscribed channel, or a video they've watched / in-progress / saved / playlisted) sink
to the back — keeping the relevance order within each group."""
if not ids:
return ids
have = set(
db.scalars(
select(Video.id).where(
Video.id.in_(ids), Video.channel_id.in_(queries.subscribed_channels(user))
)
)
) | reader_queries.held_by(db, user, ids)
return [i for i in ids if i not in have] + [i for i in ids if i in have]
def record_finds(db: Session, user: User, video_ids: list[str], term: str) -> None:
"""These results as THIS user's search finds (the Mine feed, the Source filter), and the term
folded into each one's `search_terms` so local full-text search inherits YouTube's relevance.
Idempotent."""
db.execute(
pg_insert(SearchFind)
.values([{"user_id": user.id, "video_id": vid} for vid in video_ids])
.on_conflict_do_nothing(index_elements=["user_id", "video_id"])
)
_fold_term(db, video_ids, term)
def clear(db: Session, user: User, video_ids: list[str]) -> int:
"""Discard these results "as if never added": drop this user's finds of them, then delete the
ones nobody kept — a `via_search` video no reader holds (`reader.queries.kept_by_a_reader`),
whose channel nobody subscribes to, and that no other user still has as a find. Returns how
many videos went."""
db.execute(
delete(SearchFind).where(
owned_by(SearchFind.user_id, user), SearchFind.video_id.in_(video_ids)
)
)
subscribed = select(Subscription.id).where(Subscription.channel_id == Video.channel_id).exists()
other_find = select(SearchFind.id).where(SearchFind.video_id == Video.id).exists()
result = db.execute(
delete(Video).where(
Video.id.in_(video_ids),
Video.via_search.is_(True),
~reader_queries.kept_by_a_reader(Video.id),
~subscribed,
~other_find,
)
)
return result.rowcount if isinstance(result, CursorResult) else 0
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"""Catalog's writes a request makes: a user's subscription settings, what they explore or block, a
subscription recorded or dropped, a channel's sync markers reset.
Every function here flushes and leaves the commit to its caller (the handler). The YouTube side of a
subscribe or an unsubscribe is the handler's (it needs the user's client and its refusals); what
lands here is the local record of it. The ingest jobs (`sync/`, `catalog/search`) write the
catalog's shared rows themselves.
"""
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from sqlalchemy import delete, update
from sqlalchemy.engine import CursorResult
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from app.catalog import queries
from app.catalog.models import BlockedChannel, Channel, ExploredChannel, Subscription, Video
from app.models import User
from app.userscope import owned_by
def remember_own_channel(user: User, channel_id: str) -> None:
"""The user's own YouTube channel, so discovery never offers it to them."""
user.yt_channel_id = channel_id
def update_subscription(
db: Session,
sub: Subscription,
*,
priority: int | None = None,
hidden: bool | None = None,
deep_requested: bool | None = None,
) -> bool:
"""Change the settings given (None leaves one as it is). Returns whether full history was just
turned ON — the caller then pulls the channel now rather than at the scheduler's next tick."""
turned_on = False
if priority is not None:
sub.priority = priority
if hidden is not None:
sub.hidden = hidden
if deep_requested is not None:
# Turning it off won't undo already-fetched videos; it stops further deep paging if nobody
# else still wants it.
turned_on = deep_requested and not sub.deep_requested
sub.deep_requested = deep_requested
db.flush()
return turned_on
def set_deep_all(db: Session, user: User, on: bool) -> int:
"""Every one of the user's channels in (or out of) full-history backfill; how many rows moved."""
result = db.execute(
update(Subscription).where(owned_by(Subscription.user_id, user)).values(deep_requested=on)
)
return result.rowcount if isinstance(result, CursorResult) else 0
def explore(db: Session, user: User, channel: Channel) -> None:
"""Record (or refresh the grace clock of) the user's exploration of a channel, and flag the
channel ephemeral unless someone follows it — the cleanup job's keep rule reads both."""
existing = queries.exploration(db, user, channel.id)
if existing is None:
db.add(ExploredChannel(user_id=user.id, channel_id=channel.id))
else:
existing.created_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
if not channel.from_explore and not queries.followed(db, channel.id):
channel.from_explore = True
db.flush()
def reset_backfill(db: Session, channel: Channel) -> None:
"""Fetch the channel again from scratch: its backfill markers cleared, and full history asked
for on EVERY subscription to it — the deep scheduler gates on an EXISTS over those, so the admin
who resets it need not subscribe themselves."""
channel.backfill_done = False
channel.backfill_cursor = None
channel.recent_synced_at = None
db.execute(
update(Subscription)
.where(Subscription.channel_id == channel.id)
.values(deep_requested=True)
)
db.flush()
def record_subscription(db: Session, user: User, channel: Channel, yt_subscription_id: str) -> None:
"""The subscription YouTube now holds, recorded here. Subscribing is the "keep" signal: an
explored channel becomes an organic one, so the cleanup job leaves it alone and its videos join
the shared Library like any subscribed channel's uploads."""
db.add(
Subscription(
user_id=user.id,
channel_id=channel.id,
yt_subscription_id=yt_subscription_id or None,
subscribed_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
)
)
if channel.from_explore:
channel.from_explore = False
db.execute(
update(Video)
.where(Video.channel_id == channel.id, Video.via_explore.is_(True))
.values(via_explore=False)
)
db.flush()
def drop_subscription(db: Session, sub: Subscription) -> None:
db.delete(sub)
db.flush()
def block(db: Session, user: User, channel_id: str) -> None:
"""Block a channel for this user (idempotent), and end any exploration of it so the cleanup job
can reclaim it."""
if queries.is_blocked(db, user, channel_id):
return
db.add(BlockedChannel(user_id=user.id, channel_id=channel_id))
db.execute(
delete(ExploredChannel).where(
owned_by(ExploredChannel.user_id, user), ExploredChannel.channel_id == channel_id
)
)
db.flush()
def unblock(db: Session, user: User, channel_id: str) -> None:
db.execute(
delete(BlockedChannel).where(
owned_by(BlockedChannel.user_id, user), BlockedChannel.channel_id == channel_id
)
)