feat(e24): the Home surface read-model — hero, resume rail, comfort shelf

E24 S1. The anti-paralysis answer layer, served from our own Postgres with no
upstream call: one hero suggestion, one CROSS-SOURCE resume rail, and the user's
own comfort shelf.

Survey first, because the roadmap line was wrong about the starting point: Plex
already ships the whole trio (E5's Discover rails, including a reshuffling
Surprise me), the YouTube side ships none of it, and nothing anywhere answers
the question across both. The data already existed on both sides — VideoState
and PlexState are structurally identical, the feed has an `in_progress` filter
and a seeded shuffle, and the YT player already resumes position.

- app/discover/budget.py — the time bands. "How much time do you have"
  (10 perc / 30 perc / egy este / mindegy) replaces 15/D's mood questionnaire:
  deterministic, answerable from a column we have, and it picks the source for
  free. Matched against REMAINING time, so a film with 8 minutes left is a
  ten-minute answer. An unknown runtime fits only the unbounded band.
- app/discover/cards.py — a thin unified card that carries the NATIVE feed /
  Plex payload, so the page renders with the existing card components instead of
  a third one. `aspect` is the one new field: a rail needs to know poster from
  16:9, and that is a property of the artwork, not of the module.
- app/discover/queries.py — the SQL, reusing feedquery and plex.rollup rather
  than the Plex Discover ROUTE, whose LibraryFilters narrowing belongs to a
  surface that has a sidebar. One seed drives both halves so a reroll moves
  them together.
- app/discover/hero.py — resume -> comfort -> surprise, with the chosen tier in
  the payload so the client labels it honestly instead of guessing.
- comfort_pins (0083): five nullable CASCADE-ing FKs under num_nonnulls(...) = 1
  rather than a flag or a polymorphic string ref. A flag cannot order a shelf or
  hold a channel; a string ref would let a deleted library item leave a dead tile
  on the one surface whose whole job is to be reliable.

Two honest-state rules the tests pin: the surprise draw excludes anything
already started (the resume tier may have skipped it for not fitting, and
offering it back as "Meglepetés" would contradict the question), and which
source leads the draw follows the seed, so the Plex library can actually answer
"egy este".

Gate green: ruff, ruff format, 3x tsc, eslint, prettier, knip, vitest 770,
pytest 987.
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"""E24 — the read-model behind the Home surface ("Mit nézzek most?").
The anti-paralysis answer layer: one hero suggestion, a cross-source resume rail, and the user's own
comfort shelf, all served from our own Postgres with no upstream call at serve time (the same rule
the Plex Discover surface follows).
Layering, mirroring `app/plex/`: `budget` (the time bands) and `cards` (the unified row shape) are
pure; `queries` holds the SQL; `rails`, `pins` and `hero` compose. Nothing here imports from
`app.routes` — `routes/discover.py` is a thin HTTP shell over these.
"""
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"""The time budget — E24's replacement for "what mood are you in?".
`random-gondolatok` 15/D asked for a mood questionnaire before the recommendations. The same file's
later BA-interview note (#23) says the mood half is not what makes this work: the friction is
deciding at all. A mood→genre mapping would also be invented data — we store no mood signal and never
will — whereas "how much time do you have" is a question the library can actually answer, from a
column we already have.
So the surface asks about TIME, and the answer is deterministic: four bands, no model, no latency.
The band also picks the source for free — ten minutes is a YouTube video, an evening is a movie —
which is exactly the cross-source behaviour the Home surface exists to provide.
The bands overlap on purpose. "I have 30 minutes" should not be answered with a two-minute Short just
because it fits; a lower bound is as much a part of the promise as the upper one.
"""
from typing import Literal
Budget = Literal["short", "medium", "long", "any"]
DEFAULT_BUDGET: Budget = "any"
# budget -> (min_seconds, max_seconds); None = unbounded on that side.
BANDS: dict[str, tuple[int | None, int | None]] = {
"short": (None, 12 * 60), # "10 perc" — a bit of slack over the round number the chip shows
"medium": (8 * 60, 40 * 60), # "30 perc"
"long": (40 * 60, None), # "Egy este"
"any": (None, None), # "Mindegy"
}
def band(budget: str) -> tuple[int | None, int | None]:
"""The (min, max) seconds for a budget. Unknown budgets fall back to the unbounded band rather
than raising: the route validates the vocabulary with a Literal, so anything reaching here with a
bad value is our own bug, and an unfiltered shelf is a better failure than a 500 on the landing
page."""
return BANDS.get(budget, BANDS["any"])
def remaining_seconds(duration_seconds: int | None, position_seconds: int) -> int | None:
"""What is actually LEFT to watch. The question is "how much time do you have", so a 90-minute
film with 8 minutes to go belongs in the ten-minute band, not the evening one. Unknown duration
stays unknown — see `fits`."""
if duration_seconds is None:
return None
return max(0, duration_seconds - max(0, position_seconds))
def fits(seconds: int | None, budget: str) -> bool:
"""Does a runtime fit the budget?
An unknown duration fits only the unbounded band. We cannot promise an item finishes inside ten
minutes when we do not know how long it is, and quietly including it would make the one control
on this page dishonest — the failure mode the house rules call an un-honest state."""
lo, hi = band(budget)
if seconds is None:
return lo is None and hi is None
if lo is not None and seconds < lo:
return False
if hi is not None and seconds > hi:
return False
return True
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"""The unified discover card: one row shape the Home surface can render without knowing which
module it came from.
This is deliberately a THIN mapping, not a new serializer layer. The per-source projections already
exist and are already the shapes the frontend's `VideoCard` and `PlexPosterCard` consume —
`feedquery.serialize` for YouTube, `plex.cards.movie_card`/`show_card`/`leaf_card` for Plex — so each
unified card carries the native payload under `video` / `plex` alongside the handful of fields the
rail chrome itself needs (title, thumbnail, progress, runtime). The Home page therefore renders with
the existing card components rather than a third one, and a field added to a feed row or a Plex card
still gets added in exactly one place. CLAUDE.md's "not wanted" list names a base serializer for
precisely this reason.
`aspect` is the one genuinely new field. A rail has to know whether a tile is a 16:9 still or a 2:3
poster, and that is a property of the ARTWORK, not of the module: a Plex episode ships a landscape
still exactly like a YouTube video does, while a movie and a show ship posters. Emitting it lets the
rail layer stay domain-free instead of branching on `source`.
`subtitle` only ever carries DATA — a channel name, a show title, a year. Nothing here composes an
English phrase: this repo is HU+EN with zero key drift, and a sentence assembled in the backend is a
string no translation file can reach. Anything that needs wording (season counts, "N videó") is left
to the client, which has both the native payload and the translations.
"""
from app.discover.budget import remaining_seconds
from app.models import Channel, Playlist
# Plex artwork is a poster for the things you browse and a landscape still for the things you play.
_POSTER_KINDS = ("movie", "show")
def _base(
*,
source: str, # "youtube" | "plex"
kind: str, # "video" | "movie" | "show" | "episode" | "channel" | "playlist"
id: str,
title: str | None,
aspect: str, # "wide" (16:9) | "poster" (2:3)
subtitle: str | None = None,
thumb: str | None = None,
duration_seconds: int | None = None,
position_seconds: int = 0,
status: str = "new",
) -> dict:
return {
"source": source,
"kind": kind,
"id": id,
"title": title or "",
"subtitle": subtitle,
"thumb": thumb,
"aspect": aspect,
"duration_seconds": duration_seconds,
"position_seconds": position_seconds,
"remaining_seconds": remaining_seconds(duration_seconds, position_seconds),
"status": status,
# Native payloads — at most one is ever set. The client opens the player from these.
"video": None,
"plex": None,
}
def from_video(row: dict) -> dict:
"""`row` is a `feedquery.serialize` dict — the same object the feed grid renders."""
card = _base(
source="youtube",
kind="video",
id=row["id"],
title=row["title"],
aspect="wide",
subtitle=row.get("channel_title"),
thumb=row.get("thumbnail_url"),
duration_seconds=row.get("duration_seconds"),
position_seconds=row.get("position_seconds") or 0,
status=row.get("status") or "new",
)
card["video"] = row
return card
def from_plex(row: dict) -> dict:
"""`row` is a `plex.cards` dict (movie / show / leaf). Its own `type` is the kind."""
kind = row.get("type") or "movie"
if kind == "episode":
subtitle = row.get("show_title")
elif kind == "show":
subtitle = None # season count lives in the native payload; the client words it
else:
subtitle = str(row["year"]) if row.get("year") else None
card = _base(
source="plex",
kind=kind,
id=row["id"],
title=row.get("title"),
aspect="poster" if kind in _POSTER_KINDS else "wide",
subtitle=subtitle,
thumb=row.get("thumb"),
duration_seconds=row.get("duration_seconds"),
position_seconds=row.get("position_seconds") or 0,
status=row.get("status") or "new",
)
card["plex"] = row
return card
def from_channel(ch: Channel, unwatched: int) -> dict:
"""A pinned channel. It is not itself playable — the shelf resolves it to its newest unwatched
video on click (see `resolve.py`) — so the tile advertises what is waiting there instead of a
runtime it does not have."""
card = _base(
source="youtube",
kind="channel",
id=ch.id,
title=ch.title,
aspect="wide",
thumb=ch.thumbnail_url,
)
card["unwatched_count"] = unwatched
return card
def from_playlist(pl: Playlist, item_count: int, thumb: str | None) -> dict:
"""A pinned playlist. `thumb` is its first item's thumbnail — a shelf of blank tiles would defeat
the point of a surface you are supposed to be able to scan at a glance."""
card = _base(
source="youtube",
kind="playlist",
id=str(pl.id),
title=pl.name,
aspect="wide",
thumb=thumb,
)
card["item_count"] = item_count
return card
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"""The hero: the single suggestion the Home surface leads with.
One rule, in one function, because the page's entire promise is that it answers rather than offers.
Three tiers, tried in order:
1. **resume** — something already started whose REMAINING time fits the budget. Almost always the
right answer: it is the thing the user themselves chose most recently, and finishing it costs no
decision at all.
2. **comfort** — a pinned shelf entry that fits. The user's own declared fallback, which beats
anything we could infer.
3. **surprise** — a seeded draw from what is unseen and fits.
The tier travels with the card so the client can label it honestly ("Ott hagytad abba" vs "A
polcodról" vs "Meglepetés") instead of guessing from the shape of the payload — a kicker that says
"where you left off" over a film the user has never opened is exactly the kind of quiet lie the house
rules call a dishonest state.
Budgets are matched against REMAINING time throughout (`budget.remaining_seconds`, which equals the
runtime for anything not yet started): with eight minutes left, a 90-minute film is a ten-minute
answer.
"""
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from app.discover import cards, pins, queries, rails
from app.discover.budget import fits
from app.models import PlexShow, User
from app.plex.lookups import by_rating_key
HERO_TIERS = ("resume", "comfort", "surprise")
def _playable(db: Session, uid: int, card: dict) -> dict | None:
"""A hero has to have a Play button, so a Plex SHOW is resolved to the episode that would start.
Everything else already plays itself. None when the show has no episodes mirrored yet."""
if not (card.get("source") == "plex" and card.get("kind") == "show"):
return card
sh = by_rating_key(db, PlexShow, card["id"])
if sh is None:
return None
ep = queries.next_episode(db, uid, sh.id)
return cards.from_plex(ep) if ep else None
def pick(
db: Session,
user: User,
budget: str,
seed: int,
*,
resume: list[dict] | None = None,
shelf: list[dict] | None = None,
) -> dict | None:
"""`{"tier": ..., "card": ...}`, or None when nothing at all fits.
`resume` and `shelf` may be passed pre-computed so the consolidated `/api/discover` response does
not build the same two rails twice; the reroll endpoint passes neither and pays only for what it
reaches."""
for card in rails.continue_watching(db, user) if resume is None else resume:
playable = _playable(db, user.id, card)
if playable is not None and fits(playable["remaining_seconds"], budget):
return {"tier": "resume", "card": playable}
for card in pins.playables(pins.shelf(db, user) if shelf is None else shelf):
if fits(card["remaining_seconds"], budget):
return {"tier": "comfort", "card": card}
for card in rails.surprise(db, user, budget, seed, limit=1):
return {"tier": "surprise", "card": card}
return None
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"""The comfort shelf: pin a thing you can always fall back to, and have it be one click from playing.
Five kinds are pinnable — a video, a YouTube channel, a Plex show, a Plex movie, a playlist — because
comfort media is almost always "put on X", a series or a channel, and only sometimes one particular
video. `models.ComfortPin` carries that union as five nullable FKs under a `num_nonnulls(...) = 1`
check; this module is where the union is spoken about in one vocabulary, so no call site invents a
second one.
Every shelf card carries a resolved `next`: the thing that actually plays when you click the tile —
a show's in-progress-or-next episode, a channel's newest unwatched video, a playlist's first
unwatched item. It costs a query per non-leaf pin, which is affordable precisely because this shelf is
short and hand-curated, and it buys the property the whole surface exists for: one click, no
intermediate page, no second decision.
Domain module, so nothing here raises HTTP. `resolve_ref` returns None for "no such thing, or not
yours" and the route turns that into its 404 — core never imports routes.
"""
from sqlalchemy import select
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from app.discover import cards, queries
from app.models import Channel, ComfortPin, PlexItem, PlexShow, Playlist, User, Video
from app.plex import rollup
from app.plex.cards import leaf_card, show_card
from app.plex.lookups import by_rating_key
# kind -> the ComfortPin column that holds it. The client's vocabulary and the schema's, in one place.
PIN_COLUMNS: dict[str, str] = {
"video": "video_id",
"channel": "channel_id",
"plex_item": "plex_item_id",
"plex_show": "plex_show_id",
"playlist": "playlist_id",
}
PIN_KINDS = tuple(PIN_COLUMNS)
def resolve_ref(db: Session, user: User, kind: str, ref: str) -> tuple[str, object] | None:
"""Translate the client's (kind, ref) into the (column, value) the row stores, or None.
The client speaks the ids the rest of the API speaks: a video id, a channel id, a Plex
`rating_key`, a playlist id. Plex's internal integer keys never leave the backend, so the
translation belongs here rather than in five call sites."""
if kind == "video":
return ("video_id", ref) if db.get(Video, ref) is not None else None
if kind == "channel":
return ("channel_id", ref) if db.get(Channel, ref) is not None else None
if kind == "plex_item":
it = by_rating_key(db, PlexItem, ref)
return ("plex_item_id", it.id) if it is not None else None
if kind == "plex_show":
sh = by_rating_key(db, PlexShow, ref)
return ("plex_show_id", sh.id) if sh is not None else None
if kind == "playlist":
try:
pid = int(ref)
except ValueError:
return None
pl = db.get(Playlist, pid)
# A playlist is per-user, unlike the other four (which are shared catalog rows whose PRIVACY
# lives in the state tables). Someone else's list must read as "no such thing", not as a 403 —
# the same reason `owned_or_404` 404s rather than 403s.
return ("playlist_id", pl.id) if pl is not None and pl.user_id == user.id else None
return None
def list_pins(db: Session, user: User) -> list[ComfortPin]:
return list(
db.execute(
select(ComfortPin)
.where(ComfortPin.user_id == user.id)
.order_by(ComfortPin.position.asc(), ComfortPin.id.asc())
)
.scalars()
.all()
)
def next_position(db: Session, user: User) -> int:
"""New pins land at the end of the shelf."""
return len(list_pins(db, user))
def _shelf_card(db: Session, user: User, pin: ComfortPin) -> dict | None:
"""One pin as a unified card with its resolved `next`. None when the pinned row has gone (the FK
cascade removes the pin itself, so this is only the window between a delete and a refetch)."""
card: dict | None = None
nxt: dict | None = None
if pin.video_id is not None:
row = queries.yt_video_row(db, user, pin.video_id)
if row is None:
return None
card = cards.from_video(row)
nxt = dict(card) # a video plays itself
elif pin.channel_id is not None:
ch = db.get(Channel, pin.channel_id)
if ch is None:
return None
card = cards.from_channel(ch, queries.channel_unwatched_count(db, user, ch.id))
row = queries.channel_next_video(db, user, ch.id)
nxt = cards.from_video(row) if row else None
elif pin.plex_item_id is not None:
it = db.get(PlexItem, pin.plex_item_id)
if it is None:
return None
st = rollup.item_state_map(db, user.id, [it.id]).get(it.id)
card = cards.from_plex(leaf_card(it, st))
nxt = dict(card) # a movie or a single episode plays itself
elif pin.plex_show_id is not None:
sh = db.get(PlexShow, pin.plex_show_id)
if sh is None:
return None
status = rollup.state_map(db, user.id, [sh.id]).get(sh.id, "new")
card = cards.from_plex(show_card(sh, status))
ep = queries.next_episode(db, user.id, sh.id)
nxt = cards.from_plex(ep) if ep else None
elif pin.playlist_id is not None:
pl = db.get(Playlist, pin.playlist_id)
if pl is None:
return None
count, row = queries.playlist_summary(db, user, pl.id)
card = cards.from_playlist(pl, count, row.get("thumbnail_url") if row else None)
nxt = cards.from_video(row) if row else None
if card is None:
return None
# A COPY, never the card itself: a self-playing pin (a video, a movie) would otherwise make
# `card["next"] is card`, which serializes as a circular reference and 500s the whole shelf. The
# copy is taken before `pin_id`/`next` are attached, so `next` stays a plain playable card.
card["pin_id"] = pin.id
card["next"] = nxt
return card
def shelf(db: Session, user: User) -> list[dict]:
"""The whole shelf, in the user's own order."""
out = []
for pin in list_pins(db, user):
card = _shelf_card(db, user, pin)
if card is not None:
out.append(card)
return out
def playables(shelf_cards: list[dict]) -> list[dict]:
"""The `next` of every shelf entry that has one — what the hero may draw from. A pinned channel
with nothing unwatched left, or an empty playlist, simply is not an answer right now."""
return [c["next"] for c in shelf_cards if c.get("next")]
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"""The row fetchers behind the Home surface — one place where "what is startable right now" is
expressed as SQL, for both sources.
Two rules shape this module:
**Reuse the query layer, not the route.** The YouTube half calls `feedquery.filtered_query` /
`sort_keys`, so the Home surface inherits the feed's own definitions of subscribed, blocked,
explore-visible and in-progress for free, and cannot drift from them. The Plex half calls
`plex.rollup` and the `plex.cards` serializers rather than `routes/plex/discover.py`: that route
narrows EVERY rail by the Plex sidebar's `LibraryFilters`, which is right for a surface that HAS a
sidebar and wrong for a landing page that does not.
**One seed drives both halves.** The feed orders a shuffle by `md5(id || seed)` so a keyset cursor
stays valid across pages; the Plex surprise rail uses `ORDER BY random()`, which is fine for a single
un-paged draw but cannot be reproduced. A cross-source reroll needs both halves to move together —
otherwise "Mást kérek" re-draws the Plex picks while the YouTube ones stand still — so the Plex side
here takes the feed's seeded-md5 idiom instead of `random()`.
"""
from sqlalchemy import and_, func, or_, select
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, aliased
from app.discover.budget import band
from app.feedquery import feed_columns, filtered_query, order_by, serialize, sort_keys
from app.models import (
Channel,
PlaylistItem,
PlexItem,
PlexShow,
PlexState,
User,
Video,
VideoState,
)
from app.plex import rollup
from app.plex.cards import leaf_card, movie_card, show_card
from app.plex.query import apply_show_state_filter, content_libs
# How many rows a single rail may carry. Matches `routes/plex/discover.py`'s RAIL_LIMIT on purpose —
# the two surfaces should feel like the same app, and a rail is a rail.
RAIL_LIMIT = 20
# The feed parameters a Home rail runs with. Spelled out rather than borrowed from the route's
# `_feed_params` defaults, because those are an HTTP contract that may change for the feed's own
# reasons; the landing page's scope should not move with them silently.
_FEED_BASE: dict = {
"tags": [],
"tag_modes": {},
"untagged": False,
"channel_ids": [],
"q": None,
"min_duration": None,
"max_duration": None,
"max_age_days": None,
"published_after": None,
"published_before": None,
"show_normal": True,
"include_shorts": False,
"include_live": False,
"show": "unwatched",
"scope": "my",
"library_source": "organic",
}
def _seeded(col, seed: int):
"""The feed's deterministic shuffle expression, reused for Plex so one seed moves both halves."""
return func.md5(func.concat(col, str(seed)))
# ── YouTube ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def yt_in_progress(db: Session, user: User, limit: int = RAIL_LIMIT) -> list[tuple[object, dict]]:
"""Started-but-not-finished videos, most recently progressed first, as (progressed_at, row).
The predicate is `feedquery`'s `show="in_progress"` verbatim (a stored resume position, status not
watched/hidden) — but the query is built here rather than through `filtered_query` because this
rail wants an ordering by `progress_updated_at`, and that column lives on the state alias the feed
query keeps private. Driving from `video_states` is also the faster plan: it is a per-user table of
a few hundred rows, against a catalog of many thousands."""
st = aliased(VideoState)
q = (
select(*feed_columns(user, st), st.progress_updated_at.label("progressed_at"))
.join(Channel, Channel.id == Video.channel_id)
.join(st, and_(st.video_id == Video.id, st.user_id == user.id))
.where(
st.position_seconds > 0,
st.status.notin_(("watched", "hidden")),
Video.unavailable_since.is_(None),
)
.order_by(st.progress_updated_at.desc().nullslast())
.limit(limit)
)
return [(r.progressed_at, serialize(r)) for r in db.execute(q).all()]
def yt_surprise(db: Session, user: User, budget: str, seed: int, limit: int) -> list[dict]:
"""Unwatched videos from the user's own feed scope, in seeded-shuffle order, inside the budget.
Shorts are opened up only for the shortest band: "I have ten minutes" is the one answer a Short is
actually a good response to, and the feed's own default keeps them out otherwise."""
lo, hi = band(budget)
params = dict(_FEED_BASE, min_duration=lo, max_duration=hi, include_shorts=budget == "short")
query, rank_expr = filtered_query(db, user, **params)
keys = sort_keys("shuffle", seed, rank_expr)
# Over-fetch, then drop anything already started. The feed's `unwatched` scope keeps watched and
# hidden out but deliberately keeps in-progress rows in (they belong in the feed). Here they must
# go: the resume tier has already had its chance at them, and it may have passed precisely because
# the REMAINING time did not fit the budget — offering the same item back as a surprise, whose
# runtime does fit, would label a half-finished thing "Meglepetés" and contradict the question.
rows = db.execute(query.order_by(*order_by(keys)).limit(limit * 4)).all()
out = [serialize(r) for r in rows]
return [r for r in out if not r["position_seconds"]][:limit]
def channel_next_video(db: Session, user: User, channel_id: str) -> dict | None:
"""The newest unwatched video of a pinned channel — what "put on that channel" resolves to."""
# `library_source="all"`: a pinned channel means the whole channel, including videos that only
# ever arrived through a search. The feed's "organic" default is a feed-scoping choice, not a
# statement about what belongs to a channel.
params = dict(_FEED_BASE, channel_ids=[channel_id], scope="all", library_source="all")
query, rank_expr = filtered_query(db, user, **params)
keys = sort_keys("newest", 0, rank_expr)
row = db.execute(query.order_by(*order_by(keys)).limit(1)).first()
return serialize(row) if row is not None else None
def yt_video_row(db: Session, user: User, video_id: str) -> dict | None:
"""One video as a feed row, with this user's watch state.
Built directly rather than through `filtered_query` on purpose: a PINNED video must keep working
even when it falls outside the feed's scope — the user unsubscribed from the channel, or blocked
it, or the video only ever arrived through a search. The shelf is the surface you fall back to;
it silently losing an entry because a filter moved is exactly the failure it must not have."""
st = aliased(VideoState)
row = db.execute(
select(*feed_columns(user, st))
.join(Channel, Channel.id == Video.channel_id)
.outerjoin(st, and_(st.video_id == Video.id, st.user_id == user.id))
.where(Video.id == video_id)
).first()
return serialize(row) if row is not None else None
def channel_unwatched_count(db: Session, user: User, channel_id: str) -> int:
"""How many unwatched videos a pinned channel is holding — the tile's only honest promise, since a
channel has no runtime of its own."""
params = dict(_FEED_BASE, channel_ids=[channel_id], scope="all", library_source="all")
query, _ = filtered_query(db, user, **params)
return int(db.execute(select(func.count()).select_from(query.subquery())).scalar() or 0)
def playlist_summary(db: Session, user: User, playlist_id: int) -> tuple[int, dict | None]:
"""(item count, the row to play next) for a pinned playlist — its first not-yet-watched item, or
its first item once the whole list is watched. The same row doubles as the tile's artwork, so a
shelf of playlists is scannable instead of a row of blank boxes."""
st = aliased(VideoState)
rows = db.execute(
select(*feed_columns(user, st), PlaylistItem.position)
.join(PlaylistItem, PlaylistItem.video_id == Video.id)
.join(Channel, Channel.id == Video.channel_id)
.outerjoin(st, and_(st.video_id == Video.id, st.user_id == user.id))
.where(PlaylistItem.playlist_id == playlist_id)
.order_by(PlaylistItem.position.asc())
).all()
if not rows:
return 0, None
nxt = next((r for r in rows if (r.status or "new") not in ("watched", "hidden")), rows[0])
return len(rows), serialize(nxt)
# ── Plex ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def _unseen_movie_conds(uid: int):
"""A movie the user has neither finished nor hidden. A LEFT-JOIN-IS-NULL would also drop rows that
merely carry a resume position, which are exactly the ones Continue watching wants back."""
seen = (
select(1)
.select_from(PlexState)
.where(
PlexState.item_id == PlexItem.id,
PlexState.user_id == uid,
or_(
PlexState.status.in_(("watched", "hidden")),
# Started counts as "not a surprise" too — see the note in `yt_surprise`.
PlexState.position_seconds > 0,
),
)
.exists()
)
return ~seen
def plex_in_progress(db: Session, uid: int, limit: int = RAIL_LIMIT) -> list[tuple[object, dict]]:
"""In-progress movies + partially-watched shows as (progressed_at, card).
Mirrors `routes/plex/discover.py::_continue_watching` — same `PlexState` predicate for movies (a
NULL status still counts as started, so `notin_` alone would drop it), and the same shared
`rollup.agg_subquery` + `apply_show_state_filter` for shows, so the two rails cannot disagree on
what "in progress" means. What it does NOT inherit is that route's `LibraryFilters` narrowing:
this surface has no Plex sidebar to read a filter from."""
movie_libs, show_libs = content_libs(db)
out: list[tuple[object, dict]] = []
if movie_libs:
mq = (
select(PlexItem, PlexState)
.join(PlexState, and_(PlexState.item_id == PlexItem.id, PlexState.user_id == uid))
.where(
PlexItem.kind == "movie",
PlexItem.library_id.in_(movie_libs),
PlexState.position_seconds > 0,
or_(
PlexState.status.is_(None),
PlexState.status.notin_(("watched", "hidden")),
),
)
.order_by(PlexState.progress_updated_at.desc().nullslast())
.limit(limit)
)
for it, st in db.execute(mq).all():
out.append((st.progress_updated_at, movie_card(it, st)))
if show_libs:
prog = rollup.agg_subquery(db, uid, include_resumed=True).subquery()
sq = apply_show_state_filter(
select(PlexShow, prog.c.resumed_at).join(prog, prog.c.show_id == PlexShow.id),
prog.c.total,
prog.c.watched,
prog.c.inprog,
"in_progress",
).where(PlexShow.library_id.in_(show_libs))
for sh, resumed_at in db.execute(
sq.order_by(prog.c.resumed_at.desc().nullslast()).limit(limit)
).all():
out.append((resumed_at, show_card(sh, "in_progress")))
return out
def plex_surprise(db: Session, uid: int, budget: str, seed: int, limit: int) -> list[dict]:
"""Unseen playable movies inside the budget, in seeded-shuffle order.
Movies only. A show is not a thing you can start playing, and resolving every candidate show to
its next episode just to draw three cards would be a query per row for a rail whose whole value is
that it answers instantly — shows reach this surface through Continue watching and the comfort
shelf, which is where "put the next episode on" actually belongs.
No `playable` filter, matching the Plex surprise rail: `PlexItem.playable` is a playback CLASS
("direct" / "remux" / "transcode"), not a yes/no, and NULL there means "not probed yet" rather than
"will not play". Excluding un-probed items would quietly hide a fresh library from the one surface
that is supposed to have an answer. The class travels on the card, so the client still shows it."""
movie_libs, _ = content_libs(db)
if not movie_libs:
return []
lo, hi = band(budget)
q = (
select(PlexItem)
.where(
PlexItem.kind == "movie",
PlexItem.library_id.in_(movie_libs),
_unseen_movie_conds(uid),
)
.order_by(_seeded(PlexItem.rating_key, seed))
.limit(limit)
)
if lo is not None:
q = q.where(PlexItem.duration_s >= lo)
if hi is not None:
q = q.where(PlexItem.duration_s <= hi)
items = db.execute(q).scalars().all()
states = rollup.item_state_map(db, uid, [it.id for it in items])
return [movie_card(it, states.get(it.id)) for it in items]
def next_episode(db: Session, uid: int, show_id: int) -> dict | None:
"""What "put that show on" means: the episode in progress, else the first unwatched one, else the
first — in broadcast order, the same `(season, episode)` ordering `detail.py::_episode_nav` uses.
Returned as a `leaf_card` so it carries the show title the episode row itself does not."""
rows = db.execute(
select(PlexItem, PlexState)
.outerjoin(PlexState, and_(PlexState.item_id == PlexItem.id, PlexState.user_id == uid))
.where(PlexItem.show_id == show_id, PlexItem.kind == "episode")
.order_by(
PlexItem.season_number.asc().nullsfirst(),
PlexItem.episode_number.asc().nullsfirst(),
)
).all()
if not rows:
return None
def _started(st: PlexState | None) -> bool:
return bool(st and st.position_seconds > 0 and st.status not in ("watched", "hidden"))
def _unseen(st: PlexState | None) -> bool:
return st is None or st.status not in ("watched", "hidden")
pick = next((r for r in rows if _started(r[1])), None)
pick = pick or next((r for r in rows if _unseen(r[1])), None)
pick = pick or rows[0]
ep, st = pick
show = db.get(PlexShow, show_id)
return leaf_card(
ep, st, show_title=show.title if show else None, show_rk=show.rating_key if show else None
)
+71
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@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
"""The Home surface's rails: cross-source lists, assembled from `queries.py` and emitted as unified
cards.
The whole point of this module is that a rail is ONE list, not a YouTube list beside a Plex list. Two
side-by-side rails would just move the choice the user could not make ("which half do I look at?") one
level up, which is the opposite of what this epic is for.
"""
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from app import sysconfig
from app.discover import cards, queries
from app.discover.queries import RAIL_LIMIT
from app.models import User
# Sort sentinel for a row whose timestamp is missing. A plain `(ts is not None, ts)` key looks like it
# handles NULLs and does not: two NULL rows compare equal on the flag and then compare `None < None`,
# which raises. A rail must not be able to 500 the landing page over missing metadata.
_NO_TS = datetime.min.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
def plex_available(db: Session) -> bool:
"""Plex is a deployment-level toggle, not a per-user one (see `routes/me.py`). With it off, the
Home rails are YouTube-only and say nothing about Plex."""
return sysconfig.get_bool(db, "plex_enabled")
def continue_watching(db: Session, user: User, limit: int = RAIL_LIMIT) -> list[dict]:
"""One resume rail across both sources, most recently progressed first.
A Plex SHOW enters as a show card (that is what the Plex rail shows too, and it is what the user
recognises); resolving it to an episode is the hero's job, where something actually has to play."""
rows: list[tuple[object, dict]] = [
(ts, cards.from_video(r)) for ts, r in queries.yt_in_progress(db, user, limit)
]
if plex_available(db):
rows += [(ts, cards.from_plex(c)) for ts, c in queries.plex_in_progress(db, user.id, limit)]
rows.sort(key=lambda r: r[0] or _NO_TS, reverse=True)
return [card for _, card in rows[:limit]]
def surprise(db: Session, user: User, budget: str, seed: int, limit: int = 3) -> list[dict]:
"""The hero's draw pool: unseen things that fit the budget, from both sources under ONE seed.
Interleaved rather than concatenated — the same alternation `routes/plex/discover.py` uses for its
movie/show split — so a short pool never comes back all-YouTube or all-Plex just because one side
happened to be queried first.
WHICH source leads is decided by the seed, not by a hardcoded order. The hero draws a pool of ONE,
so a fixed order would mean the Plex library could never answer "egy este" while a single YouTube
video also fit — the reroll would look broken and the cross-source promise would quietly be a
YouTube promise. Parity on the same seed that orders the rows keeps it deterministic: the same
seed always gives the same answer, and pressing "Mást kérek" moves both halves together."""
halves = [
(cards.from_video, queries.yt_surprise(db, user, budget, seed, limit)),
(
cards.from_plex,
queries.plex_surprise(db, user.id, budget, seed, limit) if plex_available(db) else [],
),
]
if seed % 2:
halves.reverse()
out: list[dict] = []
for i in range(max(len(rows) for _, rows in halves)):
for to_card, rows in halves:
if i < len(rows):
out.append(to_card(rows[i]))
return out[:limit]