perf(db): each feed sort rides an index, and an ICU upgrade rebuilds the title ones

The views, duration and title sorts had no index: every page read the whole videos heap and kept a
top-N (prod 350 ms a page, 550-780 for title). Migration 0096 adds one per direction and, for title,
per reader collation, in the exact ORDER BY feedquery builds. Localdev prod copy: plain sorts
180-310 ms -> ~1 ms, page 20 3-5 ms, narrow filters unchanged. view_count/duration are only written
by the enrich, which already rewrites indexed columns, so no HOT update is lost.

The title indexes are the first on an ICU collation, and postgres:16-alpine floats: collation.heal_drift
rebuilds them (CONCURRENTLY) at startup when Postgres reports the ICU version moved.
test_feed_sort_indexes holds every videos sort to an index and checks the rebuild.
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"""videos: an index per feed sort, so a sorted page stops after its rows (E31 S4e)
The feed's views, duration and title sorts had no index. Every page (the first and each next cursor)
read the whole videos heap, filtered it and kept a top-N: on prod ~350 ms a page for views/duration,
550–780 ms for title (the ICU comparison on every row), 2.3 s for page 2 when the copies of one request
queued. With an index in the exact ORDER BY (`feedquery.order_by`: the key, NULLS LAST, then id) the
planner walks it and stops after the page. On a prod-copy localdev every plain sort fell from 180–310 ms
to ~1 ms, deep pages (20) to 3–5 ms, and narrow filters (a tag, a channel, a year, nothing found) stayed
at 0.3–25 ms.
One index per direction: a backward scan of `DESC NULLS LAST` gives `ASC NULLS FIRST`, not the
`ASC NULLS LAST` the asc sorts ask for. The title pair is per reader language (`app.collation.ICU`):
an index only serves an ORDER BY in its own collation.
Cost: ~130 MB (localdev: 10 + 10 + 8 + 8 + 4 × 23). Writes stay cheap: view_count and duration are
written by the enrich, which rewrites indexed columns already (the revalidation job only touches
last_checked_at), so no HOT update is lost. A search combined with one of these sorts can now walk the
index too: a term matching ~2 % of the videos took 130–200 ms instead of 7 (still under the plain sort it
replaces); rarer and broader terms stay fast. Fencing the index off under a search made broad terms
(`m`, `the`) take 2 s, so it is left to the planner.
The title indexes are the schema's first ones on an ICU collation: an ICU upgrade in the Postgres image
reorders them, and `app.collation.heal_drift` rebuilds them at startup when it sees one.
tests/test_feed_sort_indexes.py holds each sort and its index together.
CONCURRENTLY (autocommit_block) builds them without blocking a live prod; IF (NOT) EXISTS keeps the drift
test's downgrade → re-upgrade round trip idempotent.
"""
from alembic import op
revision: str = "0096_videos_sort_indexes"
down_revision: str | None = "0095_videos_channel_cover_index"
branch_labels: str | None = None
depends_on: str | None = None
# name → the indexed ORDER BY (feedquery.sort_keys + order_by: key NULLS LAST, then id).
INDEXES = {
"ix_videos_views_desc": "view_count DESC NULLS LAST, id",
"ix_videos_views_asc": "view_count ASC NULLS LAST, id",
"ix_videos_duration_desc": "duration_seconds DESC NULLS LAST, id",
"ix_videos_duration_asc": "duration_seconds ASC NULLS LAST, id",
"ix_videos_title_en": '(lower(title) COLLATE "en-x-icu") ASC NULLS LAST, id',
"ix_videos_title_en_desc": '(lower(title) COLLATE "en-x-icu") DESC NULLS LAST, id',
"ix_videos_title_hu": '(lower(title) COLLATE "hu-x-icu") ASC NULLS LAST, id',
"ix_videos_title_hu_desc": '(lower(title) COLLATE "hu-x-icu") DESC NULLS LAST, id',
}
def upgrade() -> None:
with op.get_context().autocommit_block():
for name, columns in INDEXES.items():
op.execute(f"CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS {name} ON videos ({columns})")
def downgrade() -> None:
with op.get_context().autocommit_block():
for name in INDEXES:
op.execute(f"DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF EXISTS {name}")